Ingredients

  • The Lamb
  • 1 lb lamb, cut into 1-inch cubes
  • 1 pint plain yogurt
  • 4 teaspoons ghee or 4 teaspoons clarified butter
  • 3 cloves
  • 3 cardamom pods
  • 3 cinnamon sticks
  • 3 green chilies, chopped
  • 3 large onions, chopped
  • 3 tomatoes, diced
  • 1/2 cup fresh cilantro, chopped
  • 1/4 cup fresh mint leaves, chopped
  • 1/2 cup water
  • 1/2 teaspoon salt
  • The Rice
  • 2 cups basmati rice
  • 3 teaspoons ghee or 3 teaspoons clarified butter
  • 3 cloves
  • 3 cardamom pods
  • 3 cinnamon sticks
  • 1 bay leaf
  • 1 teaspoon black cumin seeds
  • 3 1/2 cups water
  • 1 1/2 teaspoons salt
  • 1 pinch saffron thread
  • 1/4 cup milk
  • 1 large onion, peeled sliced and fried (garnish)
  • 1/8 cup cashews, chopped (garnish)
  • 1/8 cup raisins (garnish)
  • 2 hard-boiled eggs, peeled and quartered (garnish)
  • Masala 1
  • 1 large garlic clove
  • 1 (1 inch) fresh ginger, peeled
  • Masala 2
  • 2 tablespoons coriander seeds
  • 2 teaspoons fennel seeds
  • 2 teaspoons poppy seeds
  • 12 red chilies
  • Masala 3
  • 1/2 cup coconut flakes, grated
  • 3 teaspoons cashews, chopped
  • 1/2 cup plain yogurt

Method

  • Place lamb in a bowl, coat with yogurt, cover and marinate in the refrigerator for at least 2 hours, preferably overnight.
  • Begin preparing rice by soaking in water for 20 minutes. Drain and set aside.
  • Prepare masala 1 by grinding together in a food processor the garlic clove and ginger to a fine paste.
  • Prepare masala 2 by grinding coriander seeds, fennel seeds and poppy seeds then make a fine paste by adding the red chiles through the feed tube of a food processor followed by the dry ground spices.
  • Prepare masala 3 by grinding together coconut, cashew nuts and yogurt (in that order) through the feed tube of a running food processor.
  • To begin cooking the lamb, heat 4 teaspoons ghee in a wok and swirl to coat inside surface. Add 3 cloves, 3 cardamom pods, and 3 cinnamon sticks, and "toast" briefly in the wok. Then, add chopped green chiles and onion and fry until mixture turns golden brown (be careful not to burn). Add masala 1 and stir well, cooking for a few minutes. Add masala 2 and stir well, cooking for a few minutes to integrate flavors.
  • Add the diced tomatoes and cook for 2 minutes. Transfer marinated lamb to wok and also add cilantro and mint leaves. Reduce heat and simmer for 5 minutes, then add 1/2 cup water and salt. Cover and cook for 15 minutes, then stir in masala 3. Cover and cook until the sauce becomes thick.
  • Heat 3 teaspoons ghee in another wok or saucepan and add cloves, cardamom pods, cinnamon stick, bay leaf and cumin seeds, and fry for 1 minute. Add the rice and stir for about 2 to 3 minutes to "toast" the rice. Add the 3 1/2 cups water and salt, bring to a boil, then reduce heat, cover and let cook until the water is absorbed, about 15 to 20 minutes. When rice is done, remove from heat and allow to cool.
  • Preheat oven to 350°F.
  • The biryani will be layered in a dish. A 13 by 9-inch ovenproof dish (such as the type used for lasagna) or something similar would be suitable. Divide rice into 3 parts and the lamb mixture into 2 parts. Grease the dish and arrange 5 alternate layers of rice and meat, beginning and ending with rice.
  • Dissolve the saffron threads in the 1/4 cup milk and spoon it over the top layer of rice. Cover the biryani with aluminum foil and bake for 30 minutes. Let rest for a few minutes before serving.
  • Transfer to a serving plate to reveal layers. Garnish with fried onions, cashew nuts, raisins and hard boiled eggs.